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Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday's 
Monday Motivators

This blog page hosts posts some Mondays. The intent and purpose of a Monday Motivator is to provide teachers or readers with an idea they can share or an activity they can conduct right away.

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How Do We Help Kids Find Meaning in an Event That Happened Long Before They Were Born? by Roy Edward Jackson

12/18/2023

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AIDS. The word doesn’t emote much motivation for a Monday Motivator blog. Yet, here I am writing about a magical book that made me smile as I saw myself revert inward to examine the collective trauma that so many of us as gay men went through as young adults in the 1980s. The smile doesn’t come from remembering the trauma of the early onset of the AIDS epidemic. It emerges on my face reading about an experience that so mirrors mine in a special book. I smile thankful for the representation of identity and experience on pages I turn. That book, Destination Unknown by Bill Konigsberg, is an amazing read that provides YA readers a lens to understand the early days of the AIDS epidemic and hopefully find meaning in that time beyond facts and figures.

YA fiction has often told the tales of historical trauma. It’s a powerful tool to provide a richer understanding of the past. It’s one thing to read in a history textbook about the Holocaust or 9/11. It’s an entirely other process to provide rich, literary experiences through books. While I revere history classes, literature can compound and elevate students' understanding of past events like the Holocaust or 9/11. Books like Lois Lowry’s Number the Stars and Jewel Parker Rhodes’ Towers Falling provide the human experience for young adult readers. As a professor of literacy that is exciting to me. However, there are some events that are rarely, if ever, discussed in our schools. Some are deeply personal to us as teachers. For me that would be the onset of the AIDS epidemic in America. While AIDS impacts us all on some level, for gay men of that time, the experience is wholly unique.

There is a lost nuance about the collective trauma that happened to gay men when coming out in the 1980s and 90s. It didn’t just come with fear of legislation and people’s aversion to us being homosexual. For gay men, it also came with people’s irrationality about HIV/AIDS. And for many gay men like me, that meant a great deal of doomsday thinking. A virus that was killing the men in my community at epidemic rates. So many deaths I can’t keep count. There was little to no information and similar to the debates of masks during the covid pandemic, debates on condom efficacy raged early on. The gay generation above me was fighting to stay alive, and sadly for many men my age today, we have no older generation to pave the path to aging as they died so young. All of this amounts to collective trauma. And while we are thirty-five years past that precarious time of my life, that time deserves to be represented, archived in a sense, and told. Repeatedly told to future generations.

One way we do this is through books for kids. Books about kids who were like me as a teenager who craved to see their identity, and equally as important, their experiences represented. For me, at the tender age of 51, that book is Destination Unknown by Bill Konigsberg.

Destination Unknown is the story of Micah who lives in NYC in 1987. He meets C.J. one night out dancing at The Tunnel (yes those of us a certain age will remember). CJ lives proudly and openly gay, and on the fringes of Micah’s Upper West Side life. Micah is your everyday 1980s teen who likes watching MTV, buying records and trying to come to terms with his homosexuality. But in this time, that means frank internal, and sometimes external, conversations about HIV/AIDS. The book is authentic to the experiences of being young and gay. Seeking love and first kisses. But in 1987, that meant seeing the devastation of the disease on the bodies of men in the community and to fear a disease that no one knew much about.

Konigsberg has crafted a tale so rarely told, and he told it expertly. I saw myself in Micah on every page. This book transcends generations. For gay men my age, it's a representation of identity and experience. For young, gay men, it’s a book of historical relevance. AIDS isn’t over. It may never be over. We live with it. But transmission rates, particularly in gay Black and LatinX communities has not declined with years of education. In fact, it has leveled, or worse, risen concerningly according to Wikipedia. The CDC data from 2021 shows that Black and Hispanic persons account for almost 70% of new diagnoses in the U.S. even though the groups account for only approximately 30% of the population. We all should be alarmed. We all should arm our young readers with information that can be woven through stories. Stories like the one Bill Konigsberg crafted.

This is but one example of how we can use YA books to bring to life past events for students born long after the event. We do this amazingly well sometimes with many world events; however, some events like the onset of the AIDS epidemic are uncomfortable to bring to life. As educators, we fear the uncomfortableness that comes with verbalizing words like AIDS, condoms, and gay. We should lean into that uncomfortableness the way we do with verbalizing equally as uncomfortable words like terrorism, Nazi, and concentration camp in our classrooms. There are many books to bring to light the AIDS epidemic past and present. Books like Abdi Nazemian’s Like a Love Story and Camryn Garrett’s Full Disclosure. While AIDS impacts all communities, the events and trauma of the early days of the epidemic on gay men was devastating. That time deserves deeper discussions. Discussions that can come through books to tell the stories to help young readers make meaning of an event that happened long before they were born.  
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While it may seem strange to say that a book that has the AIDS epidemic at its’ center as a motivator, Destination Unknown is indeed motivating me. To see my identity, and my experience, represented is amazing. While that time in my life was filled with trauma, to see the trauma in print makes me feel seen. It brought to the surface so much of what I’ve buried through the years. It touched me as a young man who wanted nothing more than buying records, having my first kiss, and surviving an epidemic unique to my identity as a gay man. To know that this book can make an event in history more meaningful for my students is powerful. It is a book I can’t wait to share with young readers and see their conversations and answer their questions. I think the best place to start may be with the dedication that Bill Konigsberg wrote in this novel; To my friends who didn’t make it to the 21st century. I miss you. 
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Today's post is written by Roy Edward Jackson. He is an assistant professor of education at Goshen College and holds degrees in English, Education, Library Science and Creative Writing.
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Introducing Students to Contemporary, Diverse YA Texts Through an Authentic Writing Assignment by Arianna Banack, PhD

12/11/2023

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Arianna Banack is an assistant professor of English education at the University of South Florida (USF). She teaches courses in young adult literature and ELA methods. Her research interests include critical literacy, English education, and supporting teachers in incorporating critical lenses when teaching contemporary, diverse young adult literature. She is currently a co-editor of The ALAN Review. She earned her PhD in Literacy Studies at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville and taught high school English in East Hartford, Connecticut. You can find her work published in English Journal, Voices from the Middle, and Journal of Curriculum Studies.
For the past two semesters, I’ve taught a YAL course to English education and English undergraduates. In the course, students read a total of thirteen YA texts throughout the semester; one whole class novel, six bounded choice novels (a choice of three texts every two weeks), and six independent reading choice novels. This Monday Motivators post will be less about a specific YA book and more about an assignment that: 1) requires students to read a new-to-them contemporary, diverse YA text 2) think and write about the text critically and 3) engage in authentic writing for publication.

Throughout the semester as students select books for independent reading (for which they complete a reading portfolio), they also must use one of those books to write an ALAN Picks review.
ALAN Picks is a publication from the Assembly on Literature for Adolescents of NCTE (ALAN) that highlights YA and middle grades (MG) book reviews including a pedagogical analysis, culturally relevant teaching strategies and ideas for student engagement with secondary, university, and library communities. For ALAN Picks students can use YA and MG texts that are either current Advanced Reader Copies (ARCs) or were published no earlier than March 2020. For my course, I also require students use a book that is considered diverse through using the definition provided by provided by We Need Diverse Books (WNDB):

We recognize all diverse experiences, including (but not limited to) LGBTQIA, Native, people of color, gender diversity, people with disabilities*, and ethnic, cultural, and religious minorities. *We subscribe to a broad definition of disability, which includes but is not limited to physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities, chronic conditions, and mental illnesses (this may also include addiction). Furthermore, we subscribe to a social model of disability, which presents disability as created by barriers in the social environment, due to lack of equal access, stereotyping, and other forms of marginalization.


It’s important for me to be explicit with students about what I mean when I say diverse and using the WNDB definition helps guide their text selection more successfully for their reading portfolio and for their ALAN Picks submission. In using the guidelines of selecting a diverse book, diverse as defined by WNDB, and the dates of no earlier than March 2020 set by ALAN Picks, it requires students to research new titles. While students are researching their potential title selection, I remind them that they will also be writing to suggest these titles to be used in secondary classrooms so to bear that in mind when selecting their text. Students last semester brainstormed some overarching guidelines they wanted to consider when selecting a text: less representation of trauma for BIPOC, use of different formats than traditional novels (e.g. graphic novels, verse novels, comics, etc.), avoid selecting texts with racist, ableist, and sexist tropes, include empowered characters, and position adolescents as capable. When considering including this assignment, or something similar, in your future classrooms, see what your students brainstorm as guidelines to help them with text selection. 
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As students move from selection of a YA text to drafting their writing, they are allowed to work with a partner to craft their review using the guidelines posted on the ALAN Picks website:
  • Text details: Title, author, publication date, publisher, page number, ISBN and genre
  • A brief synopsis (no more than one paragraph)
  • A comprehensive review of the text
  • Thematic connections and possible essential questions that support the close reading of the text 
  • Culturally responsive and sustaining teaching strategies and activities that encourage student engagement with the text.
  • Culturally responsive formative and/or summative assessments that could be used with the text 

To prepare students, especially non education majors, to apply tenets of culturally responsive teaching strategies to their selected YA text, we first define culturally responsive teaching. I share Gay’s (2010) definition of the way teachers teach:
to and through their [student’s] personal and cultural strengths, their intellectual capabilities, and their prior accomplishments. Culturally responsive teaching is this kind of paradigm… It is routine because it does for Native American, Latino, Asian American, African American, and low-income students what traditional instructional ideologies and actions do for middle-class European Americans. That is, they filter curriculum content and teaching strategies through their cultural frames of reference [making them] more personally meaningful and easier to master (p. 26).

Then, I have students identify activities that they’ve engaged in throughout the semester in our course that would be considered culturally responsive. I ask them to reflect on their educational journey and what activities they enjoy when they discuss texts, what activities they wish they would have opportunities to engage in more, and what activities may have been harmful that they definitely
won’t suggest. As a class, we write a mock ALAN Picks review for our only whole class text, Firekeeper’s Daughter  by Angeline Boulley, to give students practice engaging in this type of writing before going off on their own. I allot time in class for students to write, conference with me, and peer-review. Students also read recently published ALAN Picks reviews to understand the types of activities and level of specificity they’re expected to provide (they just published their first review from a teen, which is incredibly exciting for secondary teachers to be able to use as an example). This makes it less intimidating to the non-education majors to begin to grasp what culturally responsive teaching is and how they can suggest activities that are considered culturally responsive in conjunction with the text they’re reviewing.


I require that to get full credit for the assignment, students must submit a screenshot of their submission email along with their review. The publishing aspect of this assignment is particularly important in demonstrating to students what authentic writing is vs. school writing. On the Writers Who Care blog, Lindblom (2015) discussed how authentic writing assignments ask students to analyze their intended audience, practice writing in formal and informal tones, and understand the conventions required for different genres. In composing their ALAN Picks submission, students must engage in all three of those aspects of authentic writing. They must be cognizant of their audience (educators), write in an accessible and informal tone (compared to formal academic papers they’re used to writing), and understand how to use brevity and clarity to get their ideas across for the genre of a book review. The submission of their writing to ALAN Picks also requires students to engage in a task “that  [requires]  the  student  to  produce  a  quality  product and/or  performance,  for  a  real  or  realistic audience  and  purpose” (Wiggins, 2009, p. 30)-- a hallmark of authentic writing. I tell students how their peers in previous semesters have successfully had their work published on the ALAN Picks website and they understand they’re not simply imagining an audience of educators reading their work, but, rather, it is a real possibility their words expand beyond their submission to me on Canvas. NCTE’s position statement on the teaching of writing also advocates for educators to “involve writing for a variety of purposes and audiences, including audiences beyond the classroom.” All of these rationales for authentic writing, helped inform my decision to put the ALAN Picks assignment on my YAL syllabus as it’s a valuable experience for students to engage in. 

Overall, including the ALAN Picks assignment has been one of my favorite assignments on my YA syllabus and has staying power for the foreseeable future (it’s already on my spring 2024 syllabus at USF). It’s rewarding for students when they see their work published on the website with their name and their school name and it’s rewarding for me to see our work expanded outside of the university classroom setting. If you have the flexibility to include this assignment, or a modified version, clearly, I would recommend it.

If you’re looking for other avenues to publish student writing, I recommend checking out the Literacy In Place Rural Teen Writing Contest for secondary students, submitting book reviews of K-12 texts to the journal First Opinions, Second Reactions (appropriate for secondary and university level students), submitting book reviews to Study and Scrutiny: Research on Young Adult Literature (more appropriate for university students, but with the correct scaffolding anything is possible for secondary students!), and maybe in the future Dr. Bickmore’s YA Blog can even carve out some space for the voices of adolescents and young adults reading the very texts we advocate for. 
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    Curators

    Melanie Hundley
    ​Melanie is a voracious reader and loves working with students, teachers, and authors.  As a former middle and high school teacher, she knows the value of getting good young adult books in kids' hands. She teaches young adult literature and writing methods classes.  She hopes that the Monday Motivator page will introduce teachers to great books and to possible ways to use those books in classrooms.
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    Emily Pendergrass
    Emily loves reading, students, and teachers! And her favorite thing is connecting texts with students and teachers. She hopes that this Monday Motivation page is helpful to teachers interested in building lifelong readers and writers! 
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    Jason DeHart
    In all of his work, Jason hopes to point teachers to quality resources and books that they can use. He strives to empower others and not make his work only about him or his interests. He is a also an advocate of using comics/graphic novels and media in classrooms, as well as curating a wide range of authors.
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